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Kouign-amann

Douarnenez's caramelised butter-and-sugar pastry

Kouign-amann (say 'kween-ah-MAHN', Breton for 'butter cake') was created in the fishing port of Douarnenez in the 1860s, reportedly by a baker who folded butter and sugar into bread dough when flour was short. Today Breton bakeries sell it as a rich treat for afternoon coffee: flaky layers of bread dough with butter and sugar folded through, baked until the sugar melts into a dark, crunchy caramel. This home version makes individual ones in a muffin tin. It takes an afternoon, mostly waiting time. Chef's tip: keep the dough and butter cold between every fold; warm butter is the common mistake and it oozes out, so you lose the layers.
Total time
235 min
Difficulty
hard
Serves
12
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Ingredients

Serves12

For the dough

For the layers

Method

0/10 done
  1. Step 1: Mix 10 ½ oz strong white bread flour, ¼ oz fast-action dried yeast and 1 tsp salt in a bowl. Add ¾ cup lukewarm water and ½ oz butter and knead for 8–10 minutes, until smooth and springy. Cover and leave in a warm place for 1 hour, until doubled.

    10 min
  2. Step 2: Put 7 oz salted butter between two sheets of baking paper and bash and roll it into a 15 cm square. Chill until firm but bendable.

  3. Step 3: Knock back the dough and roll it into a 30 cm square. Lay the butter diagonally in the centre and fold the corners of the dough over it like an envelope, pinching the seams.

  4. Step 4: Roll into a 20 × 45 cm rectangle and fold in three like a letter. Wrap and chill for 20 minutes.

    20 min
  5. Step 5: Roll out and fold in three again, then chill for 20 minutes more.

    20 min
  6. Step 6: Sprinkle the work surface with half of 7 oz caster sugar. Roll the dough over it into a 20 × 45 cm rectangle, scatter the rest of the sugar on top, and fold in three for the last time. Roll into a 30 × 40 cm rectangle about 5 mm thick.

  7. Step 7: Cut into 12 squares (10 cm). Fold the four corners of each square into the middle and press them down.

  8. Step 8: Brush a 12-hole muffin tin with ⅔ oz butter and sprinkle each hole with a little sugar. Put a pastry in each, cover loosely and leave for 30–40 minutes, until puffy.

    35 min
  9. Step 9: Heat the oven to 400°F (350°F fan). Bake for 25–30 minutes, until deep amber and the sugar is bubbling around the edges; pale ones won't be crisp.

    28 min
  10. Step 10: Leave in the tin for 2 minutes only, then lift them out onto baking paper while the caramel is still runny, or they will stick. Eat the same day, slightly warm.

Nutrition per serving

Calories
330 kcal
Protein
4 g
Carbs
41 g
Fat
17 g
Fibre
1 g

Nutrition values are estimates.

K
Recipe by

KrazyBadal

All recipes by this chef →

Good to know

How long does kouign-amann take?
About 235 minutes in total: 200 minutes to prepare and 35 minutes to cook.
How many people does it serve?
12 as written. Change the servings above the ingredients and every amount scales to match.
Is it vegetarian?
Yes. It has no meat or fish.
What can I use instead of strong white bread flour?
Plain flour, same amount (the dough will be softer and rise a little less).
What can I use instead of fast-action dried yeast?
Fresh yeast, three times the weight.

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