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38 recipes

Patra ni machhiSteamed fish in green chutney

No Parsi wedding feast in Mumbai or Navsari, the lagan nu bhonu, is complete without patra ni machhi: pieces of pomfret smothered in a bright green chutney of coconut, coriander, mint, green chilli and lime, wrapped in banana leaves and steamed. When the parcels are opened at the table the fish is moist and tender and the chutney tangy and fragrant. It is also an easy, light dinner at home. A portion is about 240 kcal. The common mistake is steaming too long: thin fillets need only 12–15 minutes, and overcooked fish turns dry and chalky. Chef's tip: pass the banana leaves briefly over a gas flame or dip them in hot water first; they turn soft and glossy and fold without tearing. Foil works if you can't get leaves.

35 min

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Macher jholLight fish curry

Macher jhol is the dish Bengalis miss most when they leave Kolkata: a thin, turmeric-yellow broth with pieces of rohu or catla, a few potato wedges and sometimes cauliflower or aubergine, eaten every day with plain rice at lunch. It is light, gently spicy with ginger and cumin, and finished with green chillies and coriander; it is the dish mothers make for children and anyone recovering from illness. A portion is about 260 kcal. The most common mistake is skipping the light frying of the fish, or frying it too long; a minute or two each side seals it and keeps it from breaking in the broth. Chef's tip: rub the fish with turmeric and salt for 10 minutes before frying; it firms the flesh and takes away any muddy taste of river fish.

40 min

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Fish moileeFish in coconut milk curry

Meen molee comes from the Syrian Christian and Anglo-Indian kitchens of Kochi and Kottayam, and it is the gentle, pale-yellow fish curry served for Sunday lunch and at Christmas with appam or rice. Seer fish or pearl spot steaks are lightly marinated in turmeric and pepper, then simmered briefly in coconut milk with sliced onion, ginger, green chillies and curry leaves, with a squeeze of lime at the end. It has warmth but very little chilli heat. A portion is about 330 kcal. The most common mistake is boiling the thick coconut milk, which splits it into oily curds; add it last and only bring it to a gentle simmer. Chef's tip: use thin coconut milk to cook the fish and stir in the thick milk only for the final minute; the sauce stays silky and white.

30 min

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Doi maachFish in spiced yogurt gravy

At a Bengali wedding feast or on Jamai Shashthi, when sons-in-law are fed like kings, doi maach is the fish course everyone waits for. Thick steaks of rohu or katla, the big freshwater carp of Bengal's ponds, are rubbed with turmeric and salt, fried in sharp mustard oil and then simmered in a pale, creamy gravy of whisked yogurt, ginger and onion paste and whole garam masala, sweetened just enough to balance the tang. It is mild and fragrant rather than hot. Carp has fine bones, so eat it slowly. Cook the fish until it is opaque and flakes easily from the bone. Serve with steamed gobindobhog or plain white rice, and a squeeze of gondhoraj lime if you can find it. Common mistake: tipping cold yogurt straight into hot oil, which splits it into grainy curds. Chef's tip: whisk the yogurt with the spice powders and a spoonful of the hot gravy first, then add it over the lowest heat.

50 min

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Goan prawn rissoles

Rissóis came to Goa with the Portuguese and never left: every Catholic household in Margao, Panjim or Mapusa has an aunt known for her rissoles, made by the tray for Christmas, weddings and christening parties. A soft, cooked flour dough is rolled thin, filled with a thick white sauce full of chopped prawns, green chilli and lime, folded into half-moons, crumbed and fried until golden and crunchy. Inside, the filling is creamy and gently peppery with a little heat. Use firm raw prawns that smell fresh of the sea; discard any that smell of ammonia or look slimy, and cook them only until pink and curled. The filling must be completely cold before you fill the pastries, or they burst. Crumbed rissoles freeze well for up to a month, so make them a week before the party and fry from frozen. Chef's tip: seal the edges with a little egg and press them with a fork; an unsealed edge is where the filling leaks into the oil.

90 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Meen acharFish pickle

Every Kerala Christian and Muslim household seems to keep a jar of meen achar somewhere, especially at Christmas, when it is made in big batches and packed for relatives working in the Gulf. Firm fish, usually neymeen (seer fish or king mackerel) or tuna, is cut into small cubes, rubbed with chilli and turmeric and fried in gingelly (sesame) oil until crisp and fully cooked through, opaque and firm. The pieces are then folded into a fierce masala of garlic, ginger, green chilli and curry leaves with plenty of chilli powder and vinegar, and left for two days to soak it all up. It is hot, sour and garlicky, a little goes a long way with curd rice, kanji or a plate of rice and dal. Use a sterilised, completely dry jar, keep the pieces under a layer of oil and always use a clean, dry spoon. Store it in the fridge and eat within 4 weeks; throw it away if you see mould or it smells off. Chef's tip: fry the fish until it sounds hollow and crisp; any moisture left inside is what spoils fish pickle.

60 min

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Pla pao (salt-crusted grilled fish)

Walk through any night market from Chiang Mai to Hat Yai and you will see rows of whole fish, white with crusted salt, grilling slowly over charcoal with lemongrass stalks poking out of their bellies. The salt shell keeps the flesh steaming in its own juice, so it comes out moist, clean-tasting and scented with lemongrass and pandan. People peel back the skin and eat the fish wrapped in lettuce with rice noodles, herbs and a fierce lime and chilli dip. Chef's tip: pat the fish completely dry before salting; a wet fish lets the crust slide off in the first five minutes.

55 min

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Yam talay (Thai seafood salad)

Beach shacks on Koh Samet and along the Pattaya coast bring yam talay out in a heap, the seafood still warm, glistening with lime and fish sauce, and scattered with Chinese celery and onion. It is light and very sour, eaten with ice-cold drinks before the grilled fish arrives, or with rice for lunch. Use whatever is freshest; the mix below is easy to find. Chef's tip: poach each type of seafood separately and briefly; tipping everything in together overcooks the squid into rubber bands before the mussels open.

25 min

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Pla neung manao (steamed fish in lime and chilli)Steamed fish with lime and chilli

Restaurants all over Bangkok bring this dish to the table in a fish-shaped steamer with a flame underneath, the fish swimming in a broth of garlic, chilli, lime and fish sauce that keeps bubbling as you eat. Sea bass (pla kapong) is the usual choice. It is clean, sour and very garlicky, ideal for a light dinner with rice and a plate of greens. A whole fish is traditional; two thick fillets work just as well and steam faster. Chef's tip: pour the sauce over at the end, not before steaming; lime cooked for 15 minutes loses its freshness and turns bitter.

35 min

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Choo chee pla (fish in thick red curry)

Riverside restaurants along the Chao Phraya, from Nonthaburi down to Samut Prakan, serve choo chee as a centrepiece for shared dinners: a crisp-fried fish smothered in a sauce so reduced it barely moves, red with curry paste, rich with coconut cream and scattered with threads of kaffir lime leaf. The name copies the sizzle of paste hitting hot cream. It is sweeter and thicker than a soupy gaeng phet, so serve plenty of jasmine rice and a clear soup or plain vegetables alongside. Chef's tip: fry the fish only after the sauce is ready and pour it over at the table; fish left to sit in the sauce goes soggy within minutes.

40 min

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Bhapa ilishSteamed hilsa in mustard

When the monsoon brings hilsa up the Padma and Hooghly rivers, Kolkata households cook bhapa ilish, the fish steamed in a pungent paste of mustard seeds, green chilli and mustard oil in a closed tiffin box. It is the star of Jamai Sasthi and of any rainy-season Sunday, served with plain rice. The fish is rich and tender, with a nose-tingling mustard heat. Suitable as part of a balanced diet: high in protein and omega-3 fats, with no starch in the dish itself. About 340 kcal and 4 g carbohydrate per portion; keep the rice portion modest. The usual mistake is grinding the mustard seeds too long or with warm water, which turns the paste bitter; grind briefly with cold water, a pinch of salt and a green chilli. Hilsa is bony, so eat slowly and warn guests. Chef's tip: drizzle raw mustard oil over the top just before closing the box; it gives the true Bengali aroma.

40 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Misa mach pooraPrawns grilled in banana leaf

Misa mach poora is a simple Mizo way with river prawns: rubbed with ginger, garlic, chilli and salt, wrapped in banana leaf and cooked over embers until the leaf chars and the prawns steam in their own juices. It is made at riverside picnics and family cookouts and eaten with rice and a chilli relish. The common mistake is overcooking, which makes prawns tough; they are done the moment they turn opaque and pink all through. Chef's tip: keep the marinated parcels in the fridge until the grill is hot.

27 min

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Tandoori pomfret

Tandoori pomfret is a fixture of Mumbai's coastal restaurants and Koli fishing families' feasts, especially in the cooler months when silver pomfret is at its best. Whole fish are slashed, given a lemon-and-salt first marinade, then coated in thick yogurt with ginger-garlic, Kashmiri chilli, ajwain and garam masala and roasted until charred at the edges and juicy inside. Suitable as part of a balanced diet: high-protein fish with no batter. About 280 kcal and 6 g carbohydrate per portion; serve with onion-cucumber salad and mint chutney. The usual mistake is using runny yogurt, which slides off and steams the fish; strain it first. Chef's tip: a spoon of roasted gram flour (besan) in the marinade helps it cling and char.

55 min

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Andaman mud crab curry

The mangrove creeks around Port Blair give the Andaman Islands their famous mud crabs, and families of Bengali, Tamil and Malayali descent there cook them in a rich red curry of coconut, tamarind and roasted chilli for Sunday lunch and celebrations. It is messy, hands-on eating with plain rice, cracking the claws to reach the sweet meat. Buy live or very fresh crabs from a trusted fishmonger and have them dispatched and cleaned there. The common mistake is undercooking the crab: cook until every shell is bright orange-red and the meat inside is white and opaque. Chef's tip: crack the claws lightly with the back of a knife before they go in, so the gravy seasons the meat.

65 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Ambot tikSour-hot fish curry

Ambot tik means sour and spicy in Konkani, and that is exactly what this Goan Catholic curry is: firm fish, often shark or catfish in Goa (any firm white fish or kingfish at home), in a thin, brick-red gravy of Kashmiri and hot chillies ground with garlic, cumin, turmeric and vinegar, soured further with tamarind and kokum. It is a weekday lunch with rice, and many say it is better the next day. The common mistake is boiling the fish hard once it goes in, which breaks it into flakes before it reaches the plate. Fish is done when the flesh is opaque all the way through and flakes when pressed. Chef's tip: marinate the fish in salt and turmeric in the fridge for 15 minutes; it firms the flesh and seasons it to the bone.

45 min

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KismurDried prawn and coconut salad

Kismur is a dry, crunchy Goan side that turns a simple plate of rice and dal or pez into a feast, and it is made across Goan homes, Hindu and Catholic, especially in the monsoon when fresh fish is scarce. Dried prawns are toasted until crisp, then tossed with raw onion, grated coconut, chilli and a little tamarind, so it tastes salty, sour, sweet and smoky at once. The usual mistake is skipping the toasting: untoasted dried prawns taste fishy and chewy, while well-toasted ones smell nutty and snap. Chef's tip: rinse the prawns briefly and dry them well before toasting, which removes grit and excess salt.

20 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Macher jhol bhaat for babiesFish stew and rice for babies

For Bengali families in Kolkata, macher jhol bhaat, rice with a thin fish and potato stew, is the taste of an ordinary weekday lunch, and fish is so central that many babies first try it at their mukhe bhaat, the rice ceremony. From about nine months, the jhol is made with only a pinch of turmeric, no chilli, mustard or salt, and boneless bhetki (barramundi) instead of the bony rohu. It is light, soothing and gently sweet from the potato. It contains fish and is free of milk, egg, gluten, nuts, soya and sesame. Chef's tip: if you use rohu, choose a piece from the belly, which has far fewer of the fine forked bones.

35 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Mas podichathuDry-fried flaked tuna

Tuna is the backbone of Lakshadweep cooking, and mas podichathu is how island families turn a piece of cooked tuna into a dry, fluffy side for rice, a filling for parotta, or a quick lunch with black tea. The fish is poached, flaked by hand and fried with shallots, green chilli, ginger, curry leaves and lots of grated coconut until each strand is separate and toasty. Traditionally it is made with mas, the islands' smoked and sun-dried tuna; fresh tuna is easier to find. The common mistake is mashing the fish into a paste; flake it with your fingers into long shreds. Fish is done when it is opaque and flakes easily before you start frying. Chef's tip: squeeze the poached fish gently in a cloth so it fries crisp instead of steaming.

40 min

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Meen pollichathuFish wrapped in banana leaf

Meen pollichathu belongs to the backwaters of Alappuzha and Kumarakom, where karimeen (pearl spot) is caught in the lagoons and served wrapped in banana leaf at toddy shops, houseboats and Syrian Christian Sunday lunches. The fish is rubbed with chilli and turmeric, briefly pan-fried, then wrapped with a thick masala of shallots, ginger, garlic, tomato, curry leaves and a little coconut milk and cooked on a pan until the leaf chars. Suitable as part of a balanced diet: high-protein fish with no flour. About 320 kcal and 9 g carbohydrate per portion; serve with a small portion of red matta rice or vegetables. The usual mistake is skipping the first light fry, which leaves the skin soft and lets the fish fall apart in the parcel. Sea bream or pomfret work well. Chef's tip: cook the masala until it is almost dry, or the parcel steams instead of roasting.

55 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Mus kavabTuna in onion and tomato masala

Despite the name, mus kavab is not grilled but a thick, almost dry tuna masala, the Lakshadweep dish that turns up at Eid lunches, weddings and on any day a good catch comes in. Chunks of tuna are marinated in chilli, turmeric and lime, briefly shallow-fried, then folded into a deep-red masala of slow-cooked onion, tomato, ginger and garlic so the gravy clings to every piece. The common mistake is overcooking the tuna, which turns it dry and grainy; it needs only a few minutes in the masala, until opaque and just flaking. Chef's tip: cut the tuna in large 4 cm chunks, which stay juicy far better than small cubes.

70 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Bhetki paturiFish steamed in banana leaf

Paturi means 'wrapped in a leaf', and in Bengal the favourite fish for it is bhetki, the meaty barramundi of the Sundarbans estuaries. Fillets are coated in a sharp paste of mustard, coconut and green chilli, tied up in banana leaf and steamed or cooked on a griddle, so they come out moist and fragrant. It is a dish for celebration lunches in Kolkata and is unwrapped at the table over hot rice. Chef's tip: no banana leaves? Use baking paper inside foil; you lose a little aroma but none of the texture.

55 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

Bombil fryCrisp fried Bombay duck

Bombay duck is not a duck at all but bombil, a soft, almost jelly-like fish landed in huge numbers at Sassoon Dock and the Koli fishing villages around Mumbai. Pressed flat, rubbed with chilli and rolled in semolina, it fries up with a shattering crust and a melting middle, and it turns up at Malvani restaurants and Koli homes as a starter or beside dal and rice. Chef's tip: press the opened fish under a weighted plate for 10 minutes before marinating; it squeezes out water so the crust stays crisp.

30 min

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Chingri malaikariPrawns in coconut milk curry

Big prawns in a pale, silky coconut gravy are what a Bengali family cooks for guests, for a new son-in-law at Jamai Sasthi, or for a wedding lunch. The dish is gently spiced, a little sweet, and leans on the head fat of the prawns for richness, so it tastes of the sea rather than of chilli. Serve it with steamed gobindobhog or basmati rice. Chef's tip: if you can find shell-on prawns with heads, leave the heads on; squeeze them into the gravy as you eat for the full flavour.

45 min

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Kane rava frySemolina-crusted fried fish

In the seafood canteens of Mangalore and along the Udupi coast, kane, a slim, sweet ladyfish, is the fried fish everyone orders with a fish thali. It is slashed, packed with a red masala of Byadgi chilli, garlic and tamarind, then pressed into coarse semolina and shallow-fried in coconut oil until the crust crackles. Unlike Mumbai's soft bombil, kane is firm, so it holds its shape and is eaten off the bone. Chef's tip: leave the fish alone for the first 3 minutes in the pan; the crust sets and then releases on its own.

30 min

by KrazyBadal 0 views

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